The Earth's temperature can be raised by greenhouse gases. The greenhouse effect is the absorption of infrared rays from the sun by gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor to re-emit thermal energy to the Earth's surface. The surface of the earth where thermal energy is reached increases the average temperature of the earth. These greenhouse gases play a key role in maintaining global temperatures, while also raising the average global temperature. Recently, the global temperature has been increasing seriously as greenhouse gas emissions are increased by human activities.

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There are three main causes of the increase in greenhouse gases caused by human activities: fossil fuel use, agricultural activities, and industrial activities.

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The figure above shows the increase in greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane in the atmosphere caused by human activities. Humans burn fossil fuels as their main ingredient to use transportation such as cars, trucks, ships, trains, and planes. As a result, carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere by the burning of fossil fuels. In agricultural activities, methane is released into the atmosphere due to cattle burping, agricultural soil, rice production, and deforestation. In industrial activities, the main energy source is fossil fuel. Burning fossil fuels to process raw materials to produce products and to run power plants releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Due to these emissions, the Earth's temperature has been rising from 1880 to 2021, as shown in the graph below.
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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The above figure suggests that the Earth's temperature has gradually increased as the amount of greenhouse gases on Earth has increased since 1960. Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, warm up the climate by making the Earth's greenhouse effect more intense because they trap energy that must be released into space in the Earth's atmosphere.

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The figure above shows that the average global temperature is continuously rising due to these greenhouse gases. According to the Earth System Model's prediction, if people fail to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases, the global temperature will increase by 3 to 5.5 degrees Celsius by 2100. Eventually, the scientific community agrees that continuous emission of greenhouse gases from human activities will increase the average temperature of the planet and cause climate change.